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source: http://www.tm.mahidol.ac.th/en/annual/tmnutri99.html
Aflatoxin
concentrations were investigated in breast milk of 124 lactating women whose
age range was 16-42 years. Sixty-four mothers were from the Bangkok
metropolitan area and 60 mothers were from Khon Kaen, northeast Thailand.
The nutritional status assessed by anthropometric measurements, namely body
mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), of the mothers in
both groups were similar. The triceps skinfold thickness (TSK) and mid-upper
arm muscle circumference (MUAMC) of mothers in Bangkok were significantly
higher than those of mothers in Khon Kaen. Only aflatoxins M1 and M2 were
found in the breast milk samples investigated. Aflatoxin M1(AFM1) was
detected in 10 (15.6%) and 14 (23.3%) breastmilk samples of mothers from
Bangkok and Khon Kaen respectively. Aflatoxin M1 was most frequently
detected at a median concentration of 20 ng/l (range between 5 and 409 ng/l)
for mothers from Bangkok, and 23 ng/l (range between 4 and 6,372 ng/l) for
mothers from Khon Kaen. Aflatoxin M2 was detected in 2 (3.1%) and 13 (21.7%)
breastmilk samples for mothers from Bangkok and Khon Kaen respectively. The
median concentration of aflatoxin M2 (AFM2) for milk samples of mothers from
Bangkok was 10 ng/l (range between 5 and 15 ng/l), and 63 ng/l (range
between 4 and 1,140 ng/l) for milk samples of mothers from Khon Kaen. Among
these AFM1 and AFM2 contaminated milk samples, the mixture of AFM1 and AFM2
was shown in 1.6 and 13.3 per cent of breast milk samples from Bangkok and
Khon Kaen respectively. These findings could be used to extrapolate that
mothers from Khon Kaen had a higher risk of aflatoxin contaminated food
consumption than mothers from Bangkok. It was found, from the data of
24-hour recall for dietary intake of mothers in Khon Kaen whose breastmilk
was contaminated with aflatoxin, that the high risk food items for aflatoxin
contamination were roasted ground chili, garlic, and glutinous rice
contaminated with aflatoxin in the bamboo container. The risk food items for
aflatoxin contamination consumed by mothers in Bangkok may be garlic,
vegetable oil and drinking milk.
Published in: J Nutr
Assoc Thailand 1999;33:42.
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